[Supernumerary nostril]. / Tercera ventana nasal.

Supernumerary nostril is an extremely rare congenital anomaly as a result of aberrant embryological development. Frequently it leads to a narrow cavity; in the end, opening into the nearest nasal cavity or just stops blindly after a short course. It can appear isolated or in association with other anomalies. Treatment is always surgical. We present a case of a triple nostril, associated to a congenital auricular hypoplasia and we also review the existing literature.

Tercera ventana nasal / Supernumerary nostril

La tercera ventana nasal es una anomalía congénita muy rara que resulta de un desarrollo embriológico aberrante. La mayor parte de las veces se continúa hacia atrás en una cavidad nasal que a su vez puede comunicar con la fosa natural más cercana o acabar en fondo de saco. Puede aparecer aislada o asociada a otras anomalías. El tratamiento es quirúrgico. Presentamos un caso de tercera ventana nasal con hipoplasia de pabellón auricular derecho asociada, revisando la literatura existente (AU)

Supernumerary nostril is an extremely rare congenital anomaly as a result of aberrant embryological development. Frequently it leads to a narrow cavity; in the end, opening into the nearest nasal cavity or just stops blindly after a short course. It can appear isolated or in association with other anomalies. Treatment is always surgical. We present a case of a triple nostril, associated to a congenital auricular hypoplasia and we also review the existing literature (AU)

[Subjective satisfaction among patients with endoscopic surgery of paranasal sinuses]. / Satisfacción subjetiva en pacientes intervenidos de cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal. Nuestra experiencia.

The analysis of the subjective satisfaction degree in patients following endoscopic sinus surgery is a very important data to be studied in a ENT Hospital Departments. In a very high percentage of cases, the result was good or very good. No cases were reported as worse. Statistically the relationship between non-existence of post surgery complications and the rate of symptoms of smaller importance was logical. We would like to point out the importance in the meaningful association between the high degree of satisfaction with the presence of significant postoperative endoscopic findings.

Satisfacción subjetiva en pacientes intervenidos de cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal. Nuestra experiencia / Subjective satisfaction degree in patients following endoscopic sinus surgery: our experience

Del estudio general de esta técnica quirúrgica en nuestro hospital hemos destacado, por su importancia creciente, el análisis del grado de satisfacción subjetiva de los pacientes tras ser sometidos a una CENS. En un porcentaje muy elevado de opiniones el grado de satisfacción era bueno, no encontrando ningún caso en que fuera peor. La relación estadisticamente significativa de la inexistencia de complicaciones postoperatorias y los síntomas residuales de menor importancia es coherente. Destacamos la paradoja de la asociación de un grado de satisfacción muy bueno con la presencia de hallazgos endoscópicos postoperatorios significativos (AU)

The analysis of the subjective satisfaction degree in patients following endoscopic sinus surgery is a very important data to be studied in a ENT Hospital Departments. In a very high percentage of cases, the result was good or very good. No cases were reported as worse. Statistically the relationship between non-existence of post surgery complications and the rate of symptoms of smaller importance was logical. We would like to point out the importance in the meaningful association between the high degree of satisfaction with the presence of significant postoperative endoscopic findings (AU)

Autoinjerto subcutáneo de cartílago neosintetizado utilizando el polímero ethisorb® en conejos / Subcutaneous autograft of neo-synthetic cartilage using the ethisorb® polymer in rabbits

Realizamos un autotransplante subcutáneo, en animales inmunocompetentes (24 conejos), de cartílago extraído del pabellón auricular, tratado mediante técnicas de ingeniería tisular y embebidos en un polímero reabsorbible (Ethisorb®) que le sirve de sostén. Encontramos que se produce un cartílago de buena calidad, con la expresión del colágeno tipo II y sin observar fenómenos de rechazo del injerto (AU)

We perform a subcutaneous autograft, in animals with preserved immunity (24 rabbits), of cartilage taken from the auricle, treated with tissue engineering thecnics and embeded in a reabsorbable polimer (Ethisorb) that acts as base. We observed a good quality cartilage with the expression of collagen type II and without graft rejection phenomenon (AU)

[Subcutaneous autograft with newly synthesized cartilage using ethisorb polymer in rabbits]. / Autoinjerto subcutáneo de cartílago neosintetizado utilizando el polímero ethisorb en conejos.

We perform a subcutaneous autograft, in animals with preserved immunity (24 rabbits), of cartilage taken from the auricle, treated with tissue engineering thecnics and embeded in a reabsorbable polimer (Ethisorb) that acts as base. We observed a good quality cartilage with the expression of collagen type II and without graft rejection phenomenon.

[Familial mixed hearing loss associated with X chromosome and stapedial gusher]. / Hipoacusia mixta familiar asociada al cromosoma X con gusher estapedial.

Perilymphatic and/or CSF loss through the oval window during stapedectomy is called a gusher. This rare disorder is associated with X-linked progressive mixed hearing loss. It is related with mutations in the POU3F4 gene at locus DFN3 on Xq21. Our study of the cases seen in our department yielded information and clinical and radiological findings that could be useful for the clinical management, early diagnosis, and prevention of erroneous therapeutic indications.

[Experimental animal model for laryngeal cartilage transplantation]. / Modelo de experimentación animal en cirugía de trasplante de cartílago laríngeo.

We evaluated the rabbit (New Zealand) as an experimental animal in reconstructive laryngeal surgery. We report our experience and describe features of rabbit anatomy and surgery.

[Indications and contraindications for intranasal endoscopic and microscopic surgery of the nose and sinuses]. / Indicaciones y contraindicaciones de la cirugía endonasal endoscópica y microscópica de nariz y senos.

The indications of the pure endoscopic surgery (CEN) and of the combined microscopic and endoscopic surgery (MCEN) in naso-sinusal pathology, they are established by means of the mixed valuation and systematization of the anamnesis, the endoscopy and the computerized tomography (TC). In the anamnesis the antecedents will be related carefully in the current history. In the exploration will be studied with full particulars the nose and the paranasal sinuses by means of the endoscopy and the TC (coronal and axial) with the purpose of valuing perfectly the anatomical variations and the sinusal content. The result of it is the listing of indications, that which the authors comment the corresponding to adults and children. For last the authors commented the absolute and relative contraindications.

[Ambulatory myringoplasty]. / Miringoplastia ambulatoria.

Description of a technique for ambulant Myringoplasty applicable to repair tympanic perforations no greater than a drum quadrant, by means of lyophilized dura mater and perichondrium. The results in 61 cases, two years after surgery, were gratifying both otoscopically and audiologically, and accordingly the AA, vindicate this alternative option for endaural myringoplasty.

[Combined endoscopic and microscopic technique for naso-sinusal surgery]. / Técnica de la cirugía nasosinusal microscópica y endoscópica combinadas.

As an alternative method to endoscopic endonasal surgery of the paranasal sinuses the authors present their technique based on the use of a microscope with the help of a 25 degrees-30 degrees rigid endoscope to visualize anatomic sites which cannot be reached by microscope. This technique is called "Combined endonasal microsurgery" (CENM). Aspects of the anesthesia and the surgical procedure are discussed. With the combined technique described the goals of the endoscopic endonasal surgery may be achieved as well, being especially interesting for cases with large naso-sinusal polyposis.

[Endoscopic naso-sinus surgery. Technical aspects]. / Cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal. Aspectos técnicos.

Perioperative, anaesthetic and special technical aspects of endoscopic surgery of the paranasal sinuses are presented, which helped to reduce intraoperative bleeding and consequently shortened the time of surgery. The realization of certain operative steps has helped to ease the postoperative care accelerating the healing process in more than 400 cases.

[Bacteriologic findings in ear exudates from ambulatory care patients]. / Hallazgos bacteriológicos en exudados óticos de pacientes ambulatorios.

The results obtained in a microbiological survey carried out with 102 samples of otic effusions taken from 95 outdoor patients in a ORL surgery are shown. Sixty-eight of these patients had supurative otitis media symptoms and 25 had diffuse otitis externa. Results of microbiological cultures are commented according to different statistics variables (age, sex, supuration time and type of tympanic perforation) and compared with the results obtained by other authors.

[Treatment of malignant otitis externa]. / Tratamiento de la otitis externa maligna.

Though rare the malignant otitis externa must be borne in mind because in its precocious diagnosis is based the success of the management. Elderly people, diabetics and immunodepressed are especially exposed. The CAT is basic in order to detect the spreading of the process. The patient being admitted at a Medical center, the antibiotherapy started at once with Ceftazidine, 2 g every 12 hours via i.v. The exeresis of the e.e.ca proves sometimes necessary after control of the infection. This procedure assures the healing and prevent the recurrences some times seen. But when infection disappears owing to the success of the antibiotherapy in 2-3 weeks; the culture for Pseudomonas is negative 3 weeks later; and the previous CAT showed no spreading to the tympanal bone, the surgery must be discarded. The process is considered over when the culture for Pseudomonas aeruginosa is negative, but review of the patients is compulsory at least during half a year.